Oldest evidence of foxtail millet is found along the ancient course of yellow river in cishan, china, carbon dated to be 8700 bc. For this try running your fingers from bottom to top of the inflorescence. Foxtail millet, scientific name setaria italica synonym panicum italicum l. From its origins in europe and perhaps africa, it has been accidentally introduced to many other countries across the. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. A polymorphic pantropical species, widespread in the new world, setaria parviflora was based on an earlier name cenchrus parviflorus poir. Cattle manure increases soil weed population and species. It is a weed of many types of agricultural crops, growing in. Mediterranean, eastern europe, caucasus, western asia, central asia, china, himalayas, indian subcontinent, indochina, malesia, africa throughout, madagascar.
Setaria verticilliformis is still considered to be a putative hybrid between s. Click below on a thumbnail map or name for species profiles. It is easily distinguished from other setaria species by retrorsely barbed bristles. In soil seed pools, afterripening, the occurrence and timing of seedling emergence, and the induction of secondary, summer dormancy are regulated by seasonally and diurnally varying soil oxygen, water, and temperature signals. Read the related case report for more information on cornea verticillata. Starr1706209496setaria verticillatawith forest old structures and laysan albatross chicks abandoned runwayeast central eastern islandmidway atoll 35647666463. Setaria verticillata in the germplasm resources information network grin, u. If effective setaria control cannot be achieved, it will place the american markets at risk. This plant may be known by one or more common names in different places, and some are listed above. Click on each image to see a larger version and details of the record view all images 3 photo. Parts of the plants are also being used for many disorders like rheumatism, psoriasis and chronic. Setaria verticillata is a self pollinated annual which forms longlived, heterogeneous seed pools in the soil resulting from a dormant seed rain. Setaria verticillata is a species of grass known by the common names bristly foxtail and hooked bristlegrass.
Setaria verticilliformis manual of the alien plants of. Setaria verticillata french polynesia marquesas islands ua huka huahuna, uahuka island introduced invasive lorence, david h. A variety of medications bind with the cellular lipids of the basal epithelial layer of the cornea due to their cationic, amphiphilic properties. Both species have attributes that make them attractive as model systems. It is the secondmost widely planted species of millet, and the most grown millet species in asia. It is a weed of crops, orchards, vineyards, pastures, lawns, waste areas and disturbed sites, but also invades coastal environs, open woodlands and riparian vegetation. Setaria verticillata wikipedia, a enciclopedia livre. Cattle manure increases soil weed population and species diversity in a semiarid environment article in south african journal of plant and soil 231. Plants profile for setaria verticillata hooked bristlegrass.
This is a common weed and is not grown as an ornamental. Salt tolerance of setaria verticillata l a shortcycle. Pdf setaria viridis and setaria italica, model genetic. Setve setaria verticillata summary of invasiveness top of page. Setaria verticillata new zealand plant conservation network. Corneal verticillata, or vortex keratopathy, manifests as a whorllike pattern of golden brown or gray deposits in the inferior interpalpebal portion of the cornea in a clockwise fashion fig 1215. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. There is, however, this remarkable fact that the plant is very uniform where it occurs exclusively as a weed, but very variable in the remainder of its area.
You can identify it from other species of setaria from its retrose barbs on the bristles. This page was last edited on 19 september 2015, at 18. If your fingers cannot run smooth, then the barbs are retrose backward curved. An setaria verticillata in nahilalakip ha genus nga setaria, ngan familia nga poaceae. Cornea verticillata can also be seen in the sphingolipidosis, fabry disease. The plants database includes the following 40 species of setaria. Setaria verticillata hooked bristlegrass setaria verticilliformis barbed bristlegrass setaria villosissima hairyleaf bristlegrass setaria. Spikelet length and presence or absence of cilia on the sheath margins has been used to distinguish between s.
Weedy setaria seed life history iowa state university. It is known elsewhere as an introduced, and often invasive, species, including in australia, new zealand, many pacific. The results can also be downloaded as a csv file unicode utf8 encoding see status, confidence level, source for definitions. Nvs maintains a standard set of species code abbreviations that correspond to standard scientific plant names from the nga tipu o aotearoa new zealand plants database. Setaria palmifolia is a species of grass known by the common names palmgrass, highland pitpit, hailans pitpit, short pitpit, broadleaved bristlegrass, and knotroot. It is native to europe, but it is known on most continents as an introduced species and often a noxious weed. The website also provides access to a database and images of herbarium specimens found at the university of south florida and other herbaria. Provides authoritative information on the flora of western australia. A web site containing information about the flora of zimbabwe. This plant can be weedy or invasive according to the authoritative sources noted below. Except where otherwise noted, content on this site is licensed under a creative commons attribution cc by licence. Bristly reddish green pannicles compliment anything that blooms.
The incidence of setaria contamination in seed lines has been increasing and seed marketers are placing increasing pressure on growers to avoid seed contamination. The nature of weedy setaria seedseedling life history 2. Setaria verticillata is a selfpollinated, annual grass, which is longlived from germination to the production of seeds, within one year. Ptychophyllum the subgenera and sectiones need updating as the above are largely unplaced. Setaria verticillata is a species of grass known by the common name, bur bristlegrass. Setaria italica and its wild ancestor setaria viridis are diploid c4 grasses with small genomes of. General information foxtail millet is a fastgrowing, erect, clumpforming annual grass with few, if any, side branches.
Brief description grazyna paczkowska, friday 17 december 1993. It is a hardy bunchgrass which grows in many types of urban, cultivated, and disturbed habitat. Slender pigeon grass setaria parviflora was setaria gracilis var. Setaria verticilliformis manual of the alien plants of belgium. The record derives from wcsp data supplied on 20120323 which reports it as an accepted name record 442773 with original publication details. Setaria verticillata, commonly found in waste places. The atlas of florida plants provides a source of information for the distribution of plants within the state and taxonomic information. Whorled pigeon grass setaria verticillata is regarded as an environmental weed in victoria and western australia. Culms erect but usually geniculate at the base, slender, glabrous, scabrous below the panicle.
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